Monospecific renaming within the cyanobacterial genus Limnospira (Spirulina) and consequences for food authorization
Résumé
Aims: T he cy anobacterial genus, Limnospira (anc. Arthrospira Stiz enberger e x Gomont 1892), commonly called "Spirulina" , is widely used f or commercial purposes because of its high protein content and beneficial probiotic met abolites. Thus, the t ax onom y of this genus is important because of its consequences for food applications. Methods and results: We constructed a database with formation on all Limnospira strains plus new ones from 72 new French isolates. We used a polyphasic approach (ph ylogenetic, ph ylogenomic, presence or absence of coding DNA sequences, morphological, and ultrastr uct ure analyses) to confirm that the species A. platensis belonged to the genus Limnospira (L. platensis Gomont comb. nov. Basionym. Arthrospira platensis Gomont 1892) and that the genus Limnospira was monospecific, only represented by L. platensis. Conclusions: This study highlighted the large intra-specific diversity of L. platensis , independent of the affiliations of the phylogenetic clades or geographical location of the habitats and the subsequent ph y siological and metabolic plasticity. Significance and impact of study T he cy anobacterial genus, Limnospira (anc. Arthrospira), commonly called "Spirulina" is monospecific and the authorization for food applications should be extended to all Limnospira taxa, including the previously named L. platensis , L. fusiformis , L. indica , and L. maxima .
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