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              <p>A l’occasion d’un audit de la Commission européenne sur l’évaluation coordonnée des espèces et habitats marins dans le cadre des Directives Oiseaux (DO), Habitats-Faune-Flore (DHFF) et de la Directive-Cadre Stratégie pour le Milieu Marin (DCSMM), une étude approfondie a été réalisée sur le niveau d’intégration de la surveillance et de l’évaluation entre ces Directives et la Directive-Cadre sur l’Eau (DCE). Les analyses se limitent aux dispositifs de surveillance et aux flux de données associés qui alimentent les évaluations des Directives marines dont la responsabilité a été confiée à l’OFB et l’UMS PatriNat : habitats benthiques, oiseaux, tortues et mammifères marins et « poissons côtiers sur fonds rocheux, herbiers et coralligène, espèces rares et amphihalins ». Nous constatons qu’un travail important de mise en cohérence de la surveillance a déjà été entrepris, notamment sur les mammifères marins mais que les marges de progrès demeurent importantes. Un certain nombre de dispositifs de surveillance sont à modifier ou compléter pour répondre aux besoins de plusieurs Directives : la révision des programmes de surveillance DCE et DCSMM est une occasion à saisir pour intégrer les besoins de l’ensemble des Directives marines et aboutir à une surveillance mutualisée du milieu marin.  L’objectif à atteindre est d’utiliser les mêmes jeux de données pour les évaluations au titre des directives ou des Listes Rouge UICN. Pour progresser en ce sens, nous proposons quelques recommandations sur l’organisation et la gouvernance de l’appui scientifique et technique.</p>
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